Objective: Practice skills and habits of using English.

1. Reading

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Read structure

• Tìm S1, V1, S2, V2, object 1, object 2,…trong 1 câu.

1.2.1. Read connection

• Tìm paraphrase của S và V của câu topic với các câu sau đó.

1.2. Read structure

Nhìn ra cấu trúc của câu, ví dụ:

• SV, blame sth for sth.

• Mấy cái liệt kê thì chỉ cần đọc 1 cái.

Câu đơn (Simple Sentence)

• Một câu dài có thể vì các lý do sau:
  • Liệt kê ví dụ
  • Dùng cụm giới từ on, in, at.
  • Relative clause, N dài bổ nghĩa cho N ngắn.
  • S1, V1, V2, V3.
  • S1, S2, S3, V1.
  • S1, V1, O1, O2, O3.
  • S allow sth to sth
  • Không cần đọc câu ví dụ nếu đã hiểu câu trước đó.

• Một số chủ ngữ đặt biệt

  • The fact that SV
  • Whether SV
  • What/How people react to a problem + V

Câu ghép (Compound Sentence)

Structures: SV … SV

Tips: Fanboys

• E for C: for bằng because
• (+) and (+): đồng nghỉa tích cực
• (-) nor (-): đồng nghĩa tiêu cực
• (>) but (<): tương phản
• (A) or (B): một trong hai.
• (>) yet (<): tương phản
• C so E: so + kết quả

Dựa vô các từ nối này split ra 2 câu đơn tìm S1, V1, S2, V2.

Câu phức (Complex Structure)

Reported Sppech

• S + said that + SV

• S + belived that + SV

• S + showed that + SV

=> Chỉ cần quan tâm SV đằng sau thôi.

Relative Clause

• S + Ving + V

• S + V_ed + be + Adj

• S V that S V

• S V which S V

Dùng để bổ sung cho Noun, hoặc clauses trong verb.

Đọc mệnh đề quan hệ khi chưa hiểu SV, còn hiểu SV rồi thì skip mệnh đề quan hệ.

Adverbial Clause

A. Cause/Effect

1….SV, SV

• Because SV, SV

2….N, SV

• Thanks to N, SV

3….V_ing, SV

• By Ving, SV
• SV, thereby Ving

4. Purpose

• In order to V, SV
• To V, SV

B. Contrasting

1….SV, SV

• Although, SV
• While, SV

2….N, SV

• Despite N, SV

3. Even…

• Even if SV, SV
• Even when SV, SV

C. Conditional

1….SV, SV

• Provided that SV, SV
• If SV, SV

2….N,SV

• But for N, SV
• Without N, SV
• With N, SV

3. Even…

• Unless, SV
• SV, otherwise, SV
• SV, or else SV

D. Comparison

1. Similarity

• Like N, SV
• Similar to
• Same as

2. Difference

• Unlike N, SV

• As opposed to N, SV

• Contrary to N, SV

• In contrast to N, SV

E. Clock (Time)

1. Before

• Before SV/N/V_ing, SV
• Prior to N, SV

2. During

• During N, SV
• While SV, SV

3. After

• After SV/N/V_ing, SV

• Following N, SV

• Since N, SV

• As soon as SV, SV

• When SV, SV

• Once SV, SV

1.3. True - False - Not Given

1. Read question

2. Locate info

3. Read relevant info (2 - 3 câu) xung quanh

4. Compare meaning to meaning

Tips:

A. Comparison

1. Reading: không so sánh, Question: so sánh => Not Given.

2. Reading: A, Question: B => Not Given.

3. Reading: trái ngược với Question => False

4. Reading: giống với Question => True

B. Absolutely words

Gặp các từ absolutely words nhớ lưu ý các từ phủ định.

1. The only

2. No other

3. All + phủ định = None

4. Some, Most.

C. True and Not Given

Question general thường là đúng.

1. Reading: Specific, Question: General => True

2. Reading: General, Question: Specific => Not Given

D. True and False

1. Để ý các từ phủ định, các phép so sánh tuyệt đối, các từ như In contrast,…

E. False and Not Given

1. Thường để ý các từ phủ định, các phép so sánh tuyệt đối, các từ như In contrast,…

1.4. Gap Fill

Tìm paraphrasing và suy ra word form.

1. Read question

2. Locate info

3. Read relevant info

4. Compare to question

1.5. Read connection

Read connection

1. Repeated info

• Repeated info

• Referencing

2. Relationship

• Linking words

• Meaning

1.5.1. Repeated Information

• Repetition: Lặp đi lặp lại

• Referencing:

  • The + N(s)
  • Such + a/an + N(s)
  • This/That + N
  • These/Those + N
  • One(s) -> The other
  • Counterpart

• Meaning -> Explain

1.5.2. Linking words

Similarity

Suy ra nghĩa tương đồng

• Also, In the same way, just as…so too, likewise, similarly.

Example:

Dựa vô ví dụ để hiểu.

• For example, For instance, To illustrate, by way of illustration, this is envidenced by,…

Explain

Không hiểu A thì đọc B

• In fact, Indeed, As a matter of fact,…

Listing

Nhớ cái tổng quát nhất.

• First, second, third, in addtion, besides, What’s more,…

Process

Nhớ quy trình.

• In the beginning, Then, Next, Later,…

Contrast

Suy ra nghĩa tương phản.

• However, Yet, Despite this, By contrast,…

Cause-Effect

Suy ra nguyên nhân và kết quả.

• Therefore, Thus, Consequently, As a result,…

1.5.3. Meaning

Notes: Không có các từ nối như: This/These, However, Example, In fact,… => Thì dùng meaning để nối.

1.6. Matching Heading

1. Đọc full paragraph

2. Read connection in a paragraph

3. Compare with options.

1.7. Matching Names & Multiple Choices

1.7.1. Multiple Choice

1. Read/Understand the question.

2. Locate relevant infomation

3. Read and understand relevant information

4. Compare meaning with options

=> Read connection

1.7.2. Matching Names

1. Đọc names

2. Locate info, read relevant information

3. Compare meaning with questions.

1.8. Maching Information

Dạng này làm cuối

• Câu hỏi thường là abstract => Cần phải đọc hết đoạn văn để hiểu được cái concrete trong bài đọc.

1. Read the question (General -> Imagine -> Specific).

2. Locate the info.

3. Read the info.

4. Compare info with Q -> Confirm Answer

1.9. Reading Strategy

1. Do T/F/NG, Gap Fill -> Đọc 1 câu

2. Matching Heading, Matching Names, MCQS -> Đọc cả đoạn

3. Matching Info -> Đọc cuối, do câu hỏi abstract, thông tin trong đoạn thì detail

2. Writing

2.1. How to use word patterns & collocations

Tra word patterns và collocations

• Word patterns: tra trên Oxford

  • Nhớ tra word form (noun, adj, verb)
  • Nhớ tra nghĩa

• Collocations: thường là danh từ, tra Longman.

=> Phần lớn tra danh từ trên Longman

Write a correct sentence

• Có chủ ngữ và vị ngữ

Subject:

• Pronounce (I, He, She, We, They)

• Noun (My car, This book)

• Ving (Singing, Dancing)

• There are

• It is

Verb:

• Be + adj pattern

• Be + noun pattern

• Verb + pattern

Cách viết:

1. Think about what you want to express.

2. Identify S V

• S: dùng 1 trong 5 trường hợp trên
• V: tìm word pattern hoặc collocation

1. Word patterns, Collocations

• Check word patterns -> Oxford.
• Check Collocation -> Longman

1. Combine

Ví dụ:

• affect: can affect to

• effect: have negative effects on

2.2. How to write a comprehensive sentence

1. Make a sentence more convincing and specific

• Make it more convincing (đừng bao giờ khẳng định chắc chắn)

  • Dùng từ Many, Some + N
  • Modal verb: can/may/might + V
  • Frequency adverb: usually/often + V
  • Language of probability: tend to + V, be likely to + V, run the risk of + V_ing

• Make it more specific (cụ thể nó, đừng dùng Noun chung như people mà dùng noun cụ thể)

  • Give examples
  • Noun specifics, thay vì people, sử dụng students, office workers,…
  • Relative clauses
  • Add Adj + N
  • Add Adv + N, ví dụ find valuable information easily.

2. Connect sentences

With linking words

1. Write a sentence
2. Connect with other sentences
3. Formula: (A -> B) [LW] (C -> D)

Notes: Nguyên nhân -> Ví dụ -> Kết quả

Expand (Nguyên nhân - Câu topic):

• This is because S V.
• The reason for this is that SV.
• In fact, SV

Example (Ví dụ)

• For example, SV.
• For instance, SV.
• By way of illustration, SV.

Effect (A->B) (Kết quả):

• As a result, SV.
• Therefore, SV.
• Thus, SV.
• Consequently, SV.

Without linking words

Tool 1: This + verb patterns

Notes: Allow - Provide - Beneficial đổi cho nhau được.

1. Allow group (Mình cho đi gì)

• Positive:
  • allow someone to do sth
  • enable someone to do sth
  • help someone to do sth
• Negative:
  • make someone to do sth
  • cause someone to do sth

1. Provide group (Mình nhận được gì)

• Positive:

  • provide someone with the opportunity to do sth.
  • offer someone the opportunity to do sth.

• Negative:

  • prevent someone from doing sth.
  • stop someone from doing sth.
  • discourage someone from doing sth.

1. Beneficial group (Nó có lợi ích gì)

• Positive:

  • be beneficial to somebody/something.
  • be advantageous to somebody/something.
  • be helpful to somebody/something.

• Negative:

  • be harmful so somebody/something.
  • be disadvantageous to somebody/something.

Tool 2: Complex structures

Có 3 dạng:

• Dạng 1: A -> B. C -> D
  • Dùng linking words.
• Dạng 2: A -> B. B -> C
  • Dùng this/these

• Dạng 3: A -> B -> C

  • A -> B, which + V.
  • A -> B, meaning that S + V.
  • A -> B, and thus S + V.
  • A -> B, thereby V-ing.

  • A -> B and thus V.

  • A -> B because S -> V (Because)
  • A -> B because of N (Because)

2.3. Problems & Solutions

1. Paraphrase the topic.

---

2. Thesis, Answer Q1, Answer Q2.

---

3. Answer Q1.

1. Idea 1.

2. Example.

3. Idea 2.

4. Effect.

---

8. Answer Q2.

1. Idea 1.

2. Effect.

3. Idea 2.

4. Effect.

---

13. In conclusion, Answer Q1, answer Q2.

---

Expand Idea:

• Explain/Reason.

• Effect.

• Example.

How to write essays:

Q1. Read Qtype => Write 1 2 3 8 13 (10 mins)

Q2. Idea

• Explain
• Example
• Effect

Q3. Correct sentences

Q4. Check/Proofneed

Brainstorm

Expand:

• Idea: General thing (Vật).

• Expand: People (Người).

• Example: Specific people (Ví dụ cụ thể).

Notes: Nhớ cần đảm bảo sự mạch lạc: A -> B, thì xuống các câu dưới là A1 -> B1, sau đó là A2 -> B2.

Outline

1. Paraphrase the topic: Is it true that + S + V
2. Thesis: This can lead to some negative consequences, which calls for possible solutions to be adopted.

---

1. There are many problems resulting from N/Ving/the fact that S’ + V’.
2. One obvious issue is that S + V (vật)

3. **Expand (người)

   Example (người cụ thể)**

4. Another potential risk is that S + V (vật)

5. **Expand (người)

   Example (người cụ thể)**

---

1. Various measures, nevertheless, can be implemented to address the issues.
2. The first possible solution is that S + V (vật)

3. **Expand (người)

   Example (người cụ thể)**

4. The second approach is that S + V

5. **Expand (người)

   Example (người cụ thể)**

---

1. In conclusion, although [topic] can give rise to many issues, steps can be taken to improve the situation.

2.4. Causes & Solutions, Paraphrasing skills

Causes & Solutions

Outline:

1. Paraphrase: It is true that S + V.

2. Thesis: This can be attributed to several factors, which can require possible solutions to be adopted.

---

1. There are several explanations as to why S’ + V’

2. One possibility is that S + V (vật)

3. Expand (người)

   Example (người detail)

4. Another reason worth mentioning is that S + V

5. Expand (người)

   Example (người detail)

---

1. Various measures, nevertheless, can be implemented to address these issues.

2. The first possible solution is that S + V

3. Expand (người)

   Example (người detail)

4. The second approach is that S + V

5. Expand (người)

   Example (người detail)

---

1. In conclusion, while many reasons can be given to explain why S’ + V’, steps can be taken to alleviate the situation.

Paraphrase

Sentence: S + V

S:

• Pronounce
• Noun
• V-ing
• It
• There

V:

• Giữ Noun => Tra Longman đổi verb.
• Chuyển word form
• Normalization

2.5. Advantages - Disadvantages

Notes: Cái nào outweigh nói sau

Outline:

1. Paraphrase the topic: It is true that S + V

2. Thesis: Although this (doing this) has several disadvantages, the benfits may be far more significant.

---

1. On the one hand, there can be some minor disadvantages of N/V-ing

2. One possible issue is that S + V (vật)

3. **Expand (Người)

   Example (Người cụ thể)**

4. Another detrimental effect could be that S + V

5. **Expand (Người)

   Example (Người cụ thể)**

---

1. Nevertheless, N/the fact that S’ + V’ can have major advantages which overshadow these negative impacts.

2. The most obvious benefit could be that S + V

3. **Expand (Người)

   Example (Người cụ thể)**

4. Another merit worth mentioning is that S + V

5. **Expand (Người)

   Example (Người cụ thể)**

---

1. In conclusion, despite the potential downsides of N/V-ing, the beneficial effects brought about are of greater importance.

2.6. Agree - Disagree

Outline:

1. Paraphrase: It is sometimes believed that S + V

2. Thesis: This essay strongly/completely/totally agree with the suggestion for several reasons.

---

1. The first argument given to support my opinion is that S1 + V1

2. Expand 1

3. Example 1

4. Expand 2

   Example 2

5. Link to the topic

---

1. Another point behind my belief is that S2 + V2

2. Expand 1

3. Example 1

4. Expand 2

   Example 2

5. Link to the topic

---

1. In conclusion, I totally

   entirely agree

   disagree that S + V given the aforementioned arguments.

2.7. Graphs with Trend

Mở bài

Notes: nhớ chia quá khứ

Mở đầu:

• The graph/chart/pie/table illustrates/shows/describes/provide information on

  • the number of N => how many S + V (quá khứ)
  • the amount of N => how much S + V (quá khứ)
  • the percentage of N => the proportion of N

• in place

• in time

  • from 1995 to 2000.
  • between 1995 and 2000.
  • over a five-year period, starting from 1995.

Overview

Compare (Compare nhất)

• A 1st entire period.

• A 1st begin, B 1st end

• A 1st almost entire period, except [year] B 1st

Trend (Compare tăng giảm)

• All tăng.

• All tăng, except A giảm.

• AB tăng, CD giảm

• E fluctuate, F remain unchanged.

Sample

Overall, what is notable from the table/chart is that.

Trend:

• While A witnessed an upward trend, B exhibited a contrasting pattern and C showed a fluctuation and D remained unchanged.

Compare:

• In addition, among all the [categories], A held the top spot

  • during the entire period.

  • in the beginning; however, this position belonged to B at the end of the period.

  • during almost the entire period, except [year] when B took the leading position.

Body 1

Chia dàn bài thành

• 1st: A (4000 TkWh), closely followed by B (3500 TkWh).

• Far below: D and C (2500 TkWh) and (2000 TkWh).

• Lowest: E (1000 TKWh)

Chia thành 1st

Mở đầu: At the start

• Đối tượng

  • A emerged as the leading category
  • A held the highest position

• Số liệu

  • with/at … and …, respectively.
  • as its figure stood at/was …
  • with its figure standing at/being…
  • as their figures stood at/were … and …, respectively.
  • with their figures standing at/being … and …, respectively.

Chia thành middle

• Đối tượng

  • This was followed by B
  • Far/Slightly below was B / were B and C

• Số liệu

  • with/at … and …, respectively.
  • as its figure stood at/was …
  • with its figure standing at/being…
  • as their figures stood at/were … and …, respectively.
  • with their figures standing at/being … and …, respectively.

Chia thành last

• Đối tượng

  • At the bottom of the list was B / were B and C

• Số liệu

  • with/at … and …, respectively.
  • as its figure stood at/was …
  • with its figure standing at/being…
  • as their figures stood at/were … and …, respectively.
  • with their figures standing at/being … and …, respectively.

Body 2

Mở đầu: Thereafter,

Verb to describe trend

• fluctuated around 50 / between 40 and 60.

• increased to 60 / an increase to 60.

• increased by 40 / an increase of 40.

• remained unchanged at 10.

• peak at 10.

• hit a peak of

• hit a low of

Frequency

• Rất cao: Dramatically

  Sharply

• Vừa vừa: Considerably

  Significantly

• Thấp vừa: Moderately

  Noticeably

• Rất thấp: Slightly

  Marginally

  Modestly

Paraphrasing

• S + V, before [trend 2] was recorded.

• S + V, followed by [trend 2]

The number of students at DOL increased sharply to 2000.

• [place] DOL witnessed a sharp increase to 1000 in the number of students in 2010.

• [time] The year 2010 recorded a sharp increase to 1000 in the number of students at DOL.

• [trend] A sharp increase to 1000 was recorded in the number of students at DOL.

• [There] There was a sharp increase 1000 in the number of students at DOL in 2010.

• [Subject] Students at DOL witnessed a sharp increase to 1000 in 2010.

Outline

Intro:

• The chart illustrates how many/how much S + V over a X-year period, staring from …

Overview:

• Tăng giảm

• 1st category

Body 1: Compare

At the start of the period,

• with [data], A emerged as the leading category.

• This was followed by B (and C), with [data] (with respective figures being B and C).

• At the bottom of the list was/were D (and E). with [data]

Body 2: Trend

Thereafter,

• The number of A increase/decrease to … in [năm cuối].

• [Linking word] B registered an upward/downward trend, with … in [năm cuối].

• [Linking word] An ascending/descending trend was recored in C, with … in [năm cuối].

• Finally, regarding D, there was an increase/decrease, with … in [năm cuối].

2.8. Graphs without Trend

Mở bài

Notes: nhớ chia quá khứ

Mở đầu:

• The graph/chart/pie/table illustrates/shows/describes/provide information on

  • the number of N => how many S + V (quá khứ)
  • the amount of N => how much S + V (quá khứ)
  • the percentage of N => the proportion of N

• in place

• in time

  • from 1995 to 2000.
  • between 1995 and 2000.
  • over a five-year period, starting from 1995.

Overview

C1: 2 đối tượng => So sánh hơn.

C2: > 2 đối tượng => So sánh nhất.

Notes: Compare X, Y, Z, W, V in 2 categories [A] and [B]

So sánh hơn giữa các đối tượng X, Y, Z, W, V

Overall, what is notable from the chart/table is that while [X] and [Y] had more [A] than [B], the reverse pattern could be observed in [Z] and [W], and [V] had equal numbers.

So sánh nhất dựa trên A và B

Among all the [categories], [X] had the highest figure/percentage/amount/number

• for both [A] and [B].
• for [A] while the highes figure for [B] belonged to [Y].

Body 1 (Chia X, Y)

• People under 9: 67% F = 7% higher than M

• 10 - 17s: 45% and 40% female

Comparison

Đối tượng:

• The number/amount of N

• The figure for N

• [data] + S + V (75% females)

• There + be + [data] + S + who/which (There are 75% females)

Verb:

• stand at + data

• be + data

So sánh:

• (which is) [A-B] higher than the figure for B.

• (which is) surpassing/exceeding the figure for B by [A-B].

• (which is) higher/lower than + the figure for B, at [data].

• (which is) x times as high as the figure for B.

• (which is) double/triple/quadruple the figure for B.

Structure

• X: A > B, Y followed a similar pattern, with respective figures being [data A and B].

• X: A > B, Y followed a similar pattern, albeit with a smaller difference between [A and B], with respective figures being [data A and B]

• X: A > B, Y followed a contrasting pattern, as the number / amount / percentage of B stood at [data B], surpassing the figure A by [B - A].

Body 2 (Chia Z, W, V)

• The 18 - 39s: 35% M = surpass F by 10%

• The 40 - 59s: 20% M = nearly double females.

• People over 60: 10% F and 7% M

Outline

Intro:

The chart illustrates how (many/much) S - V [in place], [in time]

Overview:

Overall,

• A > B

  B > A

• Among XYZWV -> 1st category

Body 1:

X + Y

• Regarding X, A vs B

• Y: A vs B -> dùng linking words:

  • Similar: Y followed a similar pattern, with respective figures being [data A and B].
  • Contrasting: Y followed a contrasting pattern, as the number/amount/percentage of B stood at [data B], surpassing the figure A by [B - A].

Body 2:

Z + W + V

• Concerning Z, A vs B

• [Linking words] W: A vs B

• [Linking words] V: A vs B

3. Speaking

3.1. How to speak a right sentence

3.1.1. Câu Yes/No

Câu hỏi không có mức độ

• Yes/No

Sample:

• Yes, absolutely!

• Yes, certainly!

• Yes, without a doubt!

• Yes, I guess so

• No, I haven’t

• The answer is definite no.

• Not at all (Không hẳn)

• Kind of

Câu hỏi có mức độ

Rất thích: Yes, definately / Without a doubt

Thích vừa: Probably / A little bit

Phân vân: I’m not sure / I’m on the fence about it

Không thích vừa: Probably not / Not really

Không thích: Definately not / The answer is definite no

3.1.2. What/Which/Whom/Who (Cái gì)

• It would be + nothing else/ no one else + other than + N

• That’ll be + N

• A couple of things, one of which is to make + people + V

Sample:

Trả lời theo 2 kiểu:

1. Có nhiều loại, nhưng tôi thích loại gì nhất. (Of all + sth, S + V)

2. Nó là loại gì luôn. (It would be + S + V)

• What: Of all the art forms, visual art is my favourite.

• What: There are a few things, like,…

• What: Of all the shows in Vietnam, S + is + the most popular.

• Which: It would be + S + V

1. Who: None other than people

• Who: None other than my mother

• Who: That person is/would be

• Who: I want to be

3.1.3. When/Where (khi nào)

Habit

• I usually do this (V) + time.

• I usually + do this (V) + at + place.

Past event

• It would be + time/place.

Sample:

• When: 6 am is usually a good time.

• When: It would be + time

• When: It was + time

---

• Where: DOL English is a good place

• Where: I usually + do sth + at somewhere.

• Where: It would be + where

• Where: It was + where

3.1.4. How (bằng cách nào)

Method

• A good idea would be to + V

How much/How many

• Around/About in the ballpark of + [quantity time] + give or take.

How often

• S + V/do this + all the time / on a regular basis.

How + adj (mức độ)

• It is as + adj + as it can be.

• It is not exactly very + adj

• It is really + adj

Sample:

• How: I usally get online by + V-ing.

• How: A good idea woule be + Noun

• How much: Less than I care to admit

• How often: I do this once a week

• How important (adj): It is important as it can be

• How stress (adj): It is exactly very stressful

• How long: Somewhere in the ballpark of + time + give or take.

• How far: Around 2 kilometers

3.1.5. Why (lý do)

Lý do

• A big part of the reason goes to the fact that + S + V

• For the simple reason that + S + V

Mặt lợi/hại

• The best/worst part about + N + is that + SV

• What I like/hate most about + N + is that + SV

Sample:

• Why: The main reason for this is that + S + V

• Why: It is mainly because

• Why: Part of the reason for this is that + SV

• Why: The best part about doing sth is that + SV

• Why: A big part of the reason goes to the fact that + SV

• Why: People do sth + because + SV

• Why: I do sth for the simple reason that S + V

• Why: It is necessary to recycle since/because + SV

3.2. Word Phrase + Collocations

3.2.1. Effect

Thing

Positive (+)

Verb

• allows someone to do sth

• helps someone to do sth

• gives someone the opportunity to do V

Noun

• gives someone something

• provides someone with something

• reduces the risk of N

People

• have the opportuinity to V

• be able to V

Sample:

• Cứ allow them + SV

Negative (-)

Verb

• makes someone V

• give someone no choice but to V

• requires someone to V

Noun

• prevents someone from Ving

• stops someone from Ving

People

• have to

• have no choice but to V

• can’t help but have to V

Sample:

• Cứ make them + SV

3.2.2. Want/Need

People

• I want/need/hope (to + V) (N)

• I truly long to + V (mong muốn lâu lắm rồi)

3.2.3. Feeling/Opinion

Thing

• makes somebody feel + adj

People (Opinion)

• find + it + adj

• find N + to be + adj

• find something adj.

• see Noun1 + as + Noun2

People (Feeling)

• I can’t help but feel + adj

• I consider something to be something.

• I find oneself feeling + adj

Sample:

• I find it something + SV

• I can’t help but feel + SV

• It makes me feel + SV

3.2.4. Preference

Thing

• is/are (not) + my cup of tea

• is/are (not) + my interest

• I’m so into + V-ing

People

Positive (+)

• I am a big fan of + sth

• I am particularly + interested in + sth

• I really like this + when N.

Negative (-)

• I can’t stand + Ving

• I hate it when I have to + V

• I’m not too crazy about it

Compare (>)

• I prefer sth + to + sth

• I would rather + V + than + V

Sample:

• It is my cup of tea.

• I really like this

• I’m not too crazy about it

• I’m into + V-ing

3.2.5. Habit/Comparison

Thing (Compare)

• do sth + more than + sth

• more adj + than

• N + totally beats sth + in terms of + N

People (Habit)

• make a habit out of + Ving

• make it a habit to + V

Sample:

• make it a habit to + do sth

• make a habit out of + V_ing

• I like sth than sth because it is more + adj + than + others form of entertainment.

• It make me focus more easily.

3.3. How to expand your answer (Linear Tools)

3.3.1. Description (Bài 1)

• Verb + Objects + Contexts

Note: Làm gì + Cái gì + Ở đâu + Khi nào

Quay lại trả lời theo bài 1

What/Who

• The N + would be + nothing/noone else + other than + object.

• There’re a couple of Nouns that + SV, one of which is + N

Where/When

• I often + V + context (time/place)

How often: Notes

• I make it a habit to + V

• I make a habit out of + Ving

• I like it when I get to + V

• I hate it when I have to + V

• I would rather V than V

3.3.2. Cause (Bài 2)

• A big part of the reason goes to the fact that + SV

Thing

• ADS:

  • It allows me to + V
  • I’m able to + V
  • I have the opportunity to V

• DISADS:

  • I’ve no choice but to + V
  • It makes me + V.
  • I can’t help but have to + V
  • It prevents me from being able to + V

• OPINION:

  • I find it adj to + V

People

• Feeling

  • It makes me feel + Adj.
  • I often find myself feeling + adj + whenever + SV.

• Want/Need

  • I wish to be able to + V.
  • I am all about being able to V + those days/these days.

3.3.3. Effect (Bài 2)

• That’s why, SV
• As a result, SV

Thing

• Preference:

  • I like it when I get to V
  • I hate it when I have to V
  • I would rather V than V

• Want/Need

  • I wish to be able to V
  • I am all about being able to V + those days/these days.

• Feeling:

  • It makes me feel + Adj
  • I ofen find myself feeling + Adj + whenever SV

• Habit:

  • I’ve make it a habit to + V

3.3.4. Develop idea vertically and horizontally

• Mở rộng theo chiều ngang bổ nghĩa cho Yes.
• Mở rộng theo chiều rộng để bổ sung nghĩa cho D, C hoặc E.